ࡱ> '` 0bjbj$$ 4FFuPPP Z fffzbbb84zRL< IKKKKKK$hD^ofoff }Y}Y}Y&_ffI}YI}Y}Ysff 0٭Z]dbN H5"0RS8PR^fL 6C}YD oo Tt Rzzzg^xfzzz^xzzzffffff EnglishNuerFile nameSummary guide - In our own words African Australians: A review of human rights and social inclusion issuesR[[t ti c[kc[[k tin ba nyooth k[ KTaani  Ri[[t tin ca laar ke thokdu Apirikani Athor-raliya: [ ruac mi ca rialik k[ ciaaKdi[n k[n[ taa di[n k[l k[n[ ji wic [m[Nuer-File1.mp3IntroductionRuac min bi b[n k[ nhiamNuer-File2.mp3African Australians have so much to contribute to the Australian society, but this can only happen when there is a sense of belonging, when people feel part of this country, when they call this country home. Community consultation, South AustraliaApirikani Athor-raliya t[ k[n k[ ciaaKni ti gTw ti d k[n k[ nK ji Author-raliya, k nTmT /c[ d tuTk mi /kn k[n j[ caar i guaa m[ t[ k[n thnT [ dhTari[n bT, mi c k[n rT jk ala ji wc [m[, d k[n wc [m[ cu cTal i [ rli[n. KTm-mnati kTn-thTl-t[ciTn, Junub Athor-raliyaThere is a long history of migration between Africa and Australia  however in recent years, it has accelerated.Tee k[ ruaacni tin ca laar niwal cet k[ leet k[ kuic jl min la jl k[ naath kaam Apirika k[n[ Athor-raliya- k [ntm[, r[y runni ti ci pac b[n, j[n jl [mT ci rTd[ reep In 2006, a total of 248,699 people born in Africa were living in Australia. This represents 5.6% of Australia s overseas-born population and around one per cent of the country s total population. Since then, around 50,000 more migrants born in Africa have arrived in Australia. K[ run 2006, ca jk [n c n[i ti 248,699 tee daabk[ k Apirika cKk[n k Athor-raliya. NTmT [ pk n[ini ti cuTpk[ 5.6% k ji Athor-raliya tin daapk[ wiini tikTki[n, k pk 1% k n[i dial t ciK rl Athor-raliya. N k run [mT, ci n[i ti dee 50,000 aw nhial ti daabk[ k Apirika b[n rl Athor-raliyaThey come from nearly all countries on the African continent and represent a great diversity of cultures, religions and language groups. N[i tT ci k[n b[n k wiini diaal k Apirika, k k[ door ti Kuan ti t[ k[ ciaaKni t[ Kuan k guac [lTK, amni thuuki[n k[n[ kuuthki[n guack[nIn December 2007, the former Race Discrimination Commissioner Tom Calma launched a project to build a national picture of the lives and experiences of African Australians. K[ pay Wl R[w run 2007, cu kur lat mi min ba woc k[ ti[[l kTm-mic-cinTr Tom Calma cu[ lat mi ba Kac ni ciaaK k ba luth ni Apirikani Athor-ralia tok. The aims of the project were to:PTrj[k lotd[ ni titini:identify what can help  and what can hinder  the settlement and integration experiences of African AustraliansNyooth[ [Ku mi d naath luk-k [ Ku mT d naath moc ri[k-nyuur k[n[ ciaaK min ci Apirikani Athor-ralia b[n jk wan[m[suggest practical solutions to guide the development of policies, programs and services for African Australians, as well as broader community education initiativesr[[t k[n[ p[l mi dee rial k[ KTaani ik mi bi naath booth k[ Kut k[n[ caap tin de lt k[ pTr[g[r[mni tin ba luk k[ Apirikanin Athor-railiya, amni ri[[t tin de com k[ j wc diaaladdress some of the stereotypes about African Australians that had been raised in public debate and media reporting.Dri kcni tin la latk[ k[ kuic Apirikani Athor-railia woc k d luth naath k[ k[ cu dt [lTKWhile this project is not the first to draw attention to the challenges facing African Australians, it does  for the first time  consider these issues from the viewpoint of African Australians, from a national perspective and within a human rights context.PTrj[k [m[ /c[ j[n lt min nhiam min ca tok k[c ba rik t KK Apirikani Athor-raliya jak k Kck[ k min ba lt k[ nhiam -[ c ba titiini guic agTaa k[ ri[[t t b[[ k Apirikani Athor-raliya, k kuic ji wc diaal k[n[ t t[ thn ala luth cuuKni naathJust as importantly, the project sought to gather their suggestions to bring about positive change. It also documents the many creative and successful initiatives that have been established by African Australian communities and other organisations to address specific challenges and promote social inclusion.GTTi pTr[j[k [m[ gr[ j[ [nc b[ ri[[t k[n[ cr diaal amni ruaacni cuTm naath dol k[ndiaal k[c dr[ t k[ tigTw ti d rT g[[r r[y ciaaK. K nyooth[ KTaani diaal tigTw tn b raar r[y cri Ku[tni Apirikani Athor-ralia k[n[ orgTna-dh[cTni tkTK tin ltk[ tigTw ti dee rik ti Kack[ ti KK naath woc k b[ naath jak k mi matk[ rTdi[n k[[l.About the projectK[ kui la1tNuer-File3.mp3African Australians: Human rights and social inclusion issues was one of several projects undertaken by the Commission under its Community Partnerships for Human Rights program. It was largely funded by the Australian Government, as part of the National Action Plan to Build on Social Cohesion, Harmony and Security. Apirkani Atharliaani kn lt tin uannikn tin lt k kmnitini tin ci r mat kn ny tin guic cu ltni. Ca moc yiw ti uan kum Atharliaani k a dup kl m mat naath k noon naath kl k ga naath.The project was established with the following partner organisations, which contributed knowledge, expertise and financial resources:Lt m yiath k j piny k mat orgnaydhecini ti te k cr, kn c k yiw.Adult Multicultural Education Services (Victoria)Luk nni ti dit k kuic duel grk k Biktoria (Victoria)Australian Red CrossAtharaliani Rt Krth.Diversity Health InstituteGuth pul puny nni ti Rl.Migrant Resource Centre of South AustraliaGuth lt nni ti b dr wec Atharaliani (SA)Australian Government Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs.Kum Atharaliani k Muktp ki Diptmn guth ji gali, duel, kmnitini, amni j Rl Atharaliani ti j wec.Over the course of the project, the Settlement Council of Australia and the Australian Government Department of Immigration and Citizenship also joined as project partners.K kuic purjak k a w w nhiam ny tin nyur k naath wc la j Atharaliani kn Kum Atharaliani min n naath wn ti gl amni ny tin moc naath k thitidhni ki wargakni tin ci k naath wc a la j Rl Atharaliani ci kn r mat k purjak k bi k lt kl.Representatives from each organisation were part of a project Steering Committee, which also included two African Australian community representatives. K orgnaydhecini diaal la raan a kuany k k ba ram kl k kmt, n[ rw k Apirika Atharaliani Komnitini.The project also had significant input from the national Community Reference Group, made up of over 100 African Australian community members from around the country.PTrjak ki[ Lt c tee lu k Komnitini tin ci r mat wni k kur (100) k Apirika Atharriaalni tin j Komnitini ry Atharaliani.The Commission released a Discussion Paper in March 2009, which called for submissions from African Australians, service providers, other stakeholders and the public. It was translated into 10 community languages and invited responses on five key issues: training and employment, education, health, housing and justice.Kmicini tee pay km raar ki ruacni tee pay km raar k pay dik run bathdri rw wid buaan (2009) cal thp Kmicin k Apirikani Atharaliani luk naath k tin km k naath kn tin dee jek ny diaal. Ca loc k thuk d wl(10) k Komnitini k ci guth d dhic lt. c nath kn lt dueel gr, pual puny, du duel, amni cia utni.During the project:R[y la1tover 2,500 African Australians took part in 50 community meetings held around the country, including workshops conducted in regional locations in NSW, Victoria and SAAwani k 2,500 Apirika Atharalianini ny ti jin d dhieec (50) cik duSl k Kmonitini ry wec kn ni k dual tin ticni k NSW, k Biktoria kn SA.representatives from over 150 government and non-government stakeholders and service providers participated in the consultationsNy ti kur wicd jin d dhieec, 150 ti lt Kum kn ny ti cia lt Kum cik rag mat ry lie ruaacni ci.the Commission received over 100 submissions (written and oral).Kn Kmicini cik ruaacni ti (100) kur w nhiam jk ti ca gr piny kn ti lat k baa k lp ki ruac k thok kn gr. Ny tin lt k kuic Apirikani ci knFocus groups heard first-hand from African communities, in particular, young African Australians, African Australian Muslim communities and African Australian Muslim women. In addition, there were forums to identify good practice approaches; local government and community forums; multi-faith forums; an Indigenous and African communities forum; a policing and communities forum; a community arts forum; and a sporting organisations forum. ruac in nhiam jk k Apirikani Kmonitni cie gaat ki gunkin. Apirikani Atharaliani, Apirikani Atharaliani Muthlimni Kmonitini amni Apirikani Atharaliani Muthlimni. ciaa pr nath, mat naath k ciaa amni lt cini pr. A number of key principles informed the project, including the importance taking a strengths based approach, being solutions focused and promoting The First Voice of African Australian communities.Nmbri tin gr ba lt naath k kui lt, min gr dee kn m dee naath na nhiam, jw nhiam lik j k utni Apirika Atharaliani Kmonitini. There is so much that has been said about Africans in the last couple of years, but if you look at who is writing it, it is often done from the perspectives of everyone but African Australians ... What a difference it will make if it is our voices that appear and our voices that are listened to. Community leader, VictoriaTee k ti uan ti ca lat k kuic Apirikani k kr runi tee ci w, k m guic k a gr k m? K grk k tdin kn Apirikani Atharaliani. Min d dk noon deraa ruacdan m ban nyoth ki ruacdan m ba li? k Kur Kmonitini, k Victoria The First Voice concept has its origins in the heritage conservation and museology; however it is now more widely applied as both a process and principle. The First Voice involves consultation on the basis of respect and equality, collaboration on the basis of ownership and participation, and action on the basis of substantive equality.ruac in nhiam jk k Apirikani Kmonitni cie gaat ki gunkin. Apirikani Atharaliani, Apirikani Atharaliani Muthlimni Kmonitini amni Apirikani Atharaliani Muthlimni.A central aspect of this project was the commitment to respecting The First Voice of African Australian communities, which was critical in identifying: Lut Purjak m kuic k bi naath r luth. Jw in nhiam b[ k apirikani Atharaliani KSmonitini k kuic dkdin." the issues " what works and what is not working " achievements and contributions " preferred solutions and suggestions for progressing the issues. Rik Min dee lt kn min ci lt. Min dee jk kn min thpk. Min dee rik thuk kn min dee car k w nhiam. The project compendium provides a comprehensive record of the outcomes of the national consultation process, with strong emphasis on The First Voice of African Australian communities. Visit  HYPERLINK "www.humanrights.gov.au/africanaus/compendium/" www.humanrights.gov.au/africanaus/compendium/Lt m n naath runi ti ba c k kuic k dee naath r l k ruac k Apirikani Atharaliani Kmonitini. mm.  HYPERLINK "www.humanrights.gov.au/africanaus/compendium/" www.humanrights.gov.au/africanaus/compendium/Key issuesRiik tin diitNuer-File4.mp3The big problem is that, even if there is work or even if there is some houses, it is people and how they think about Africans, that is a bigger problem. We get told that we cannot be trusted, that we are lazy. This is much harder to fight than looking for houses. Community consultation, South AustraliaRik in diit ni j[n m t k lt ki dual, d naath cr k kuic Apirikani nSmS rik m diit. Ca lr ny n a ca yi d th k a k yin ny ti nyun k ny ti kuec k lt. Nm bum lS ci gr dueli KSmonitnini k thSth Atharaliani. People who took part in the consultations and those who made submissions highlighted a number of barriers to the successful settlement and inclusion of African Australians, particularly because of visible difference.Ny t ci ruac m l kn ny t ci ruac m nn t k dk k d naath nyuur di k Apirikani Atharaliani k guec in guic k k? There was widespread agreement by community members, service providers and stakeholders that African Australians experience widespread discrimination both direct and indirect in relation to employment, housing, education, health services and in connection with the justice system. T ruaacni ti ca lt ti d naath mat k k k Kmonitini guth ni tin k ci ci nath kl t ti uan ti ca jek k dup m t naath k luk k ruac ki bil punyni nath. Regardless of whether they arrived as migrants, refugees or humanitarian entrants, and whether they had been here for a short time or their whole life, many said they experienced discrimination and prejudice as part of their everyday lives. Aprikani Atharaliaani ca lar kn duel grk kl m gr kn , min d kuic ci ki Klcir k mat nni ti gl ry kmunitini k d kn Rmjth tin pay ben luk k tin lt k. In fact, many African Australians felt it was the key factor that undermined their rights as equal citizens:K thuk ny ti uan k Apirika Atharaliani jek kn n ca k ci cit k ny ti ji wec cie ciaa in cie k j wec. You start to feel that you have no place in this new land and you wonder what the experiences of your children will be as they grow up, and perhaps also find that the colour of their skin is the only reason that they will not be seen by some as belonging here. This is what I mostly fear. Community consultation, NSWlaa raan a jk thili guth ry wec in c ben thin k laa j a caari nm ba cie in bi gaat k j jk mi cik dit, min d, puny nath k bil in c cak naath laa raan nyth ci raan rl m. Nm moc naath dual. Lien Kmonitini, NSW. Stakeholders identified issues around the provision of services, especially service quality and service gaps, as major barriers to social inclusion for newly-arrived African refugees and humanitarian entrants. Ny tin nyuak k cr ti luk k naath kn k ciaa pr nath kn cia dk ka nath k ny diaal tin jl ti pay ben wic laa Apirikani Atharalianini kn luk nath. In contrast, a major concern of community members was the appropriateness of services offered to African Australians. A number said that culturally inappropriate services and interventions created confusion and tensions and, in some instances, inadvertently undermined families. Min bi ji Kmonitini j kuic luk in luk k naath tin km k naath ci ji Apirikani Atharaliaani k jek. Ca lar guth ni tin k ci ci nath kl t ti uan ti ca jek k dup m t naath k luk k ruac ki bil punyni nath.African Australians said that targeted education programs on the backgrounds, culture and diversity of their communities, and the pre-arrival experiences of refugees, would greatly assist service providers and others working with their communities.Aprikani Atharaliaani ca lar kn duel grk kl m gr kn , min d kuic ci ki Klcir k mat nni ti gl ry kmunitini k d kn Rmjth tin pay ben luk k tin lt k.More broadly, there was a need identified to involve African Australian communities as genuine partners in the development and delivery of programs and services. Ry Kmonitini kin, min dit ni jn kuic k d Apirikani Atharlia mat ry din k b k lt kl d kn ak yith piny kl k d kn k thp kl. Community members, service providers and stakeholders also made specific suggestions for improvements in the areas of training and employment, education, health, housing and the justice system. Ny tin laa ji Kmonitini tin d k luk k d k liny kl k guth tin gr lt k ic naath, gr ltni, duel gr, duel wal, gr dueli ci, amni guth lukni. The consultations also highlighted a number of other important issues for African Australian communities, including the need to inform, educate and support communities to address issues of child protection and family violence.Apirikani Atharlia tin b k bi k ben ruac ki lien k kuic ci t k k lua, k t k k gr, amni gr ci kn lar te ny k nhk k dee ny mi gaa lt k kuic dhaara. Amni k[ kui gankTn (child protection and family violence). Training and employmentGiic k[n[ la1tNuer-File5.mp3African Australians who took part in the consultations brought with them considerable skills, qualifications and experience. They said they were eager to make a positive contribution to their new home. Apirikani Atharlia tin b k bi k ben ruac ki lien k kuic ci t k k lua, k t k k gr, amni gr ci kn lar te ny k nhk k dee ny mi gaa lt k kuic dhaara. However, many faced significant challenges when they seek suitable work and training opportunities.Min la rik kuic k ci kn lt k guth iic jk. Community members said there was an urgent need to provide more targeted information about the vocational training programs and services available to them. They also noted the need for more intensive support during and after training, as well as training approaches that take account of their needs and backgrounds:Ny ti uan k Kmonitini ci kn lar n gr k ny ti uan ti dee ic ti dee naath luk k bi kn jik di? K wdin kn thukdin k iic kn min d k luk k bi kn jk. When you come from a place where the idea of training is somewhat alien, and you learn through doing or oral discussion, then the approaches that are taken just dont seem to work. African Australian settlement worker, VictoriaMi b raan guth mi ca ic thin laa ruac k thil wargak m c km ic k ni ji k ruac thuk n iic m ca lt d jiek k thil mi nyooth min ca ji ic k j. Apirikani Atharlia thtlmni wker, k Biktoria (Victoria) African Australians also said they needed greater support to understand and get the most out of employment service providers. They described the system as complex and overwhelming, with not enough time to help them develop employment pathways or find jobs that matched their skills, interest and experience. Apirikani Atharlia gr kn luk mi diit mi de kn li k kuic lt. Ci kn lat n du lt m bum ci kn k lue k kek k la l ti uan a w thil lt mi jiek kn , mi dee pr k grin, k nhkdin amni crin. Most community respondents said that front-line staff of employment service providers should receive training to help them better support African Australians, particularly those who are newly-arrived. Kmonitini ti uan ci kn lar n ny tin tee guth ltni gr de k ic k de kn Apirikani Atharlia luk ki ny tin pay ben wic. They also said it was important that career advisors provided realistic information and that there were opportunities to get practical work experience in Australian workplaces.Min d in ca lar ny tin luk k naath k gr ltni laar kn d raan te k c lt ki mi ci kn lt k Atharlia, k nm bum l. Many African Australians said that prejudice was one of the greatest challenges to finding and securing employment:Ny ti uan k Apirikani Atharlia laar kn lk nath k kuic ruac m. Min jik kuic k thil lt ti jiek k. It was all fine until I turned up for the interview. They didnt expect to see a person with black skin. I knew the minute I sat down that I wasnt going to get the job. Well this was a year ago, and I have had that experience at least six times. Community focus group, South AustraliaMin ci raan w guth mi caa j cil lt thin la la lt w pn k ji mi ca ji w nun la ram mi tee puny mi cr. n c j I be lt jek ni min nyur nm kr runi tee ci w k te cr m k k kr runi d bkl tee ci thuuk. Community focus group, South Australia (tin te k ThTth-Athoralia) Community members believed that their accent or having an unfamiliar name caused difficulties in getting interviews. When they attended interviews, many community members felt that employers would be unwilling to give them a job because of visible difference. These barriers were perceived to be further compounded for Muslim African Australians, especially women who wear the hijab. Ny ti uan k Kmonitini th kn n mi thok in ruac k ji c ct k thok in gr k ki citdu tee dk k cit tin Ka1ck bum n a ba ji mock nterbiw (ki ba ji w thiec) k ba ji moc lt. Mi ci w guth lt ny ti uan laar kn , raan lt la jia uaan k a c ji d moc lt. Ruac m ditd k Apirikani Atharliani tin mn ti MuSthlim mi ti kuSm k wicdin ki wkin amni nhiamdin b. Women, particularly African Muslims, spoke of feeling generally more vulnerable to exploitation around workplace arrangements. Several women also spoke of their experiences of sexual harassment.Mn Apirikani ti Muthlimni laar kn ruac nath k punykin guth lt. Mn ti uan ruack k cdin ruac nath k kuic punydin. An additional challenge to employment was the difficulty of having overseas qualifications and experiences recognised by employers and professional bodies. Min ddin, ruac naath lt m c r lot k thil wargak m c km raar duel grk m de lt k J k jn b thil m c thin tt jck ry puny nath k lt in lt k kSome community members said they felt ashamed that they could not find a job and parents worried about the effects on their children, especially the possibility of perpetuating intergenerational disadvantage.Th kmonitini poc k k thil lt ti jek kn k k than nath dir k k kuic gankin k t in bi k cie k k. Consultations with community participants, service providers and stakeholders identified a number of strategies to better support African Australians to find and keep meaningful employment, including:Ny tin ruac k kuic tin b k Apirikani Atharliani ci kn ak car ti dee Apirikani Atharliani luk k kuic ltni. Tee k ti d ny tin pay ben luk k min gr k guth lt ki min d gun lt gr k ram min gr lt la Apirkani Atharliani kn Rmjiith. specific programs to provide information to new arrivals about the Australian work environment and what Australian employers expectgrk k d k lt jek k ti ci kn thuk thin dueel grk.programs and initiatives to help employers better understand the assets and capabilities of African Australian migrants and refugees.Ny ti uan k ny cik tin grk jek dueel gr. D mi c thuk k Baykmthiramn, nyimaar c thuk laa ticir (ki iic duel gr). Nm nyuth j c ny min lt ny .EducationDuTp tin de nath Kiec k[k[Nuer-File6.mp3Young African Australians who took part in the consultations said they wanted to learn and to succeed academically. Many wanted to complete tertiary studies and find employment in various professions.Duel gSr dhli Apirikani Atharliani laar kn gr kn d kn dur c k d kn w nhiam, ny ti uan gr kn d k thuk k tinSo many of us are getting through and achieving all sorts of things. My brother is now a biochemist and my sister is a teacher. This really shows how determined we are. Youth focus group, VictoriaRuac utni k Biktoria jn b nyoth j kn ciak naath jiek boltharkt (ki Bolith) cia jiek nyoth j k b cr m thil m ca lt ci nyier, ca lr nyier b ticir ki ic dueel gSr cia de w nhiam k gSr. Ruac Ku[1tni ka Victoria However, many said they encountered prejudice and negative attitudes about their ability to succeed, with a number (especially girls) describing encounters with teachers who told them they shouldnt aim too high.Gaat tin pay ben tin ca lath duel gr jiek lcdin k ca k lath k bukni ti dit ki dueli ti dit k grin, k lath k k thin k kuic runikin ci kuic k dee kn bukni tin dee kn tee thin. K k kuic k ku kn l gr ni thok in gr k gaat ti uan k gr Apirikani Atharliani ci kn jek bc pny. Newly-arrived students expressed frustration at being placed in classes to match their chronological age, rather than ones that reflected their educational attainment. And if their English-language skills were still developing, many young African Australians said they found the school curriculum very challenging.Kn ci kn jek n thil ny ti luk k dueel gr, thil ny ti c guth in bk thin k thil ny ti c tdin amni klcirin Ki ciaadin, ki t Apirikani Atharliani. Ny ti uan ci kn jek n bi k t wn. Luk in luk k k kur duel gr c k moc bum k ba k nhk. They also felt there was a lack of appropriate support at school, including a lack of people who could understand the background and culture of African Australians. Many said they struggled to feel as though they belonged. However, positive support and encouragement from teachers helped boost their confidence and feelings of acceptance:Ny ti uan k ny cik tin grk jek dueel gr. D mi c thuk k Baykmthiramn, nyimaar c thuk laa ticir (ki iic duel gr). Nm nyuth j c ny min lt ny . It makes a big difference when the teacher says to you in front of the other students that you did very well in an assignment. It tells everyone else that you are intelligent. Youth focus group, TasmaniaT mi nyuth dk k mi ci Kur dul gr j lar nhiam dhli duel gr ci m gaa lt k min ci gr nyuth j ny kkin n c gr. Mat utni k, Tthmnia.(Tasmania)African Australian parents stressed that they wanted to establish positive ties with schools, which they saw as crucial to their childrens educational progress. However, a number said they felt intimidated by the school environment and others experienced language barriers.Cimani dhli ci lockin tth k gr kn d k maar lt k duel gr min ci kn nun la rik k gaatkin k d k r com, k thaadin lar kn dual k k tin nun k duel gr kn kuic thuk in ruac k naath. African Australian parents also shared very positive experiences and highlighted the importance of schools being open and welcoming, providing information and counselling services in their first language and being invited to run school-based events, including cultural information days for students and other parents.Apirikani Atharlia mat kn tth laacdin k nyuuth kn duel gr k tin gw tin ca km k ca k ja b duel gr, la lt k tin gr k k bi naath ruac k k k thodin k ca k jaa bik ben m t ar in lt k duel gr ki kuic klcir ki bul dri tin laa nyuthk, Community members, service providers and educators said that developing a whole-of-sector approach was essential to ensure greater access to education and improved outcomes for African Australian students. They also provided a range of specific suggestions, including:Ji Kmonitini kn ny tin luk k naath amni ny tin gr ci k dur lt k ny diaal m bi naath noon kl k b t dup m bi Apirikani Atharlia dhli duel gr r com k j. Ci kn cr ti gl lth piny. allowing students to stay in English language classes until they are ready to move on to mainstream schooling, and increasing resources for language support in primary and secondary schoolsBaa dhli jaa te k bok in gr kn mni m ci kn c ba k kul na nhiam ki bok in te nhiam.providing transition programs to improve school readiness and orientation for new arrivals Dhli diaal tin pay duel gr tk ba k ic k ci.employing more teachers from African Australian backgroundsD naath lth lt ti iic duel gr k Apirikani Atharlia.holding more classes in informal community settings and providing more after-school tutoring programs.D guth lt m d ji kTmunity ni gaat laa luk k thin m ci k thuSk duel gSr ki guth m d k luk thin k nyin duel gSr.A pressing need was identified for schools with refugee students to develop strategies to better connect and communicate with parents from African Australian communities, as well as programs to build greater understanding among teachers and educators about the needs and experiences of newly-arrived refugee students:Tin gr k k kuic duel gr k gaat Rmjiith kuic k d k te lien k ciemanikin tin laa Apirikani Atharliani amni liedin k kur kin ki ic duel gr kn ny tin luk k min gr k, kn cdin k kuic nni tin pay ben wic. It is important that schools use people within the community as the experts of their own culture. There is so much around that is delivered about us by people who are not us. Community leader, Western AustraliaMin bum ni jn l ji dul gr na kn ni ny tin te k Kmonitini k la ny ti c ciaada. K jn te ny ti lt nyink k tda k kuic kn ny. Kur Kmonitini k kuony c(Western Australia) Nuer-File7.mp3HealthPual Puny (health):African Australians who took part in the consultations highlighted a number of factors that undermined their physical and mental health, as well as their capacity to get the support they needed. Apirikani Atharliani tin ci ruac m li ki ny tin te k mm tek k riet ti ci kn k nyuth kn ci naath dir k pual punydin ki juth tin te wicdin k tin ci kn luk jek k kuic k tin k. These were often associated with the settlement process and included feelings of culture shock; changes in food and diet; social isolation; language barriers; and a lack of culturally appropriate health services.K kuic nyurdin wic la jl jek kn n te ciaadin k dk. Kuan tin cam kn k gl, mth pul puny, mat nath guth kl te dk, thuk tin ruac k naath k gl, amni ciaa nath ry pul puny t dk. Discrimination, prejudice and racism also had a significant impact on peoples sense of well-being:Ciaa m jieek kn dk nath n ciaa m jieek ry pul puny k naath. If every day you go out on the street and people stare at you, or you are told you cannot get a job because of your skin colour, or your children are told they will not be successful because they are African, then you get sick in your heart and your head. Community consultation, NSWM w jl ry caar ki dup thurbili ba j dil guc ki ba j jik ci lt de jk k kuic bil punydu ki ba gaatku jik cia dur d met c kin [jTw community consultation k NSW.Community members, service providers and stakeholders raised specific issues in relation to the health needs of newly-arrived communities, women, young people and people with disabilities.Ny tin ci ben guth ruac k kuic pul puny tin diaal tin kn nyuth naath diaal tin pay ben wic la Rmjiith ci kuic lc kn ciaa pul puny la kn cu jiath ti bi te puny nath k guth m br.Participants noted that health issues that were not properly identified or addressed in the first year of settlement, such as dental and oral health needs, often became more acute. In some cases, these problems could be exacerbated by language barriers, a cultural reluctance to discuss personal issues or a lack of understanding about how Australias health system works:Th guthni rik m laa b k k kuic thuk in ruac k naath ki ciaa in te k k rlin k ca k lt k k ciaa rlin ki kuic k kuic kn ciaa pul puny in te k- ji Atharlia lt in lt k k. People in our communities worry that they may not properly understand what the doctor tells them or that they cant adequately explain the nature of their health complaint. And so anxiety wins out and they end up not going to see a health care professional at all. Community leader, QueenslandNy kkin k Kmonitini dir k k kuic k ci kn min ci Dktr lr k li gaa ki than guthni ci kn ciaa pul punydin lt gaa k min k. Amni bi k k bik cu pk k loc guth pul puny ki duel wal. Community leader, QueenslandA number of African Australians, especially women, gave examples when they failed to receive the medical care they needed, and felt that these problems often stemming from cultural assumptions, stereotypes or miscommunication on the part of health professionals.Ca dur lar mn Apirikani Athrlia k ken kn wargak duel wl jek, kn min pn ba wargak duel wl jek, kn ci kn diw kuic k k j rl ddin, ki kuic thuk k lt pul punydin. Community members said they valued doctors and health professionals who listened to them, took the time to explain health issues and treatment options, organised appropriate interpreters when needed and showed respect for traditional methods of healing. Ji Kmonitini ci kn lar n nhk kn Biktoria kn ji pul puny tin li min lt kn , k ltd k min la rik k kuic punydin, k moc k k wal, k n k k ny ti bi thokdin ben loc k nm nyth ciaa luth. A key area of discussion during all consultations was the need to support health professionals better understand the background, experiences and perspectives of African Australians so they can deliver more appropriate and effective health services.Min lat k k kuic ruac m kuic k d k moc ny ti d k luk k kuic pul puny ki duel wal t c tdin ni guth b kn thn, k t c amni ciaa luth, k Apirikani Athrlia kn ny tt d k ci a gaa nyuth k k kuic pul puny. Bilingual health workers were seen as an important component in good medical care, as was the choice to see either male or female health practitioners.Ny ti c thuk ti gl k ny ti bum bum k gaa k guth pul puny ki duel wal jn in gaa k der te wut kn ciek duel wal. Mental health issues were also highlighted in the consultations. Many community members said that being separated from other family members had a profound effect on their health and well-being, while others spoke about the impact of unemployment, a lack of stable housing and family conflict.K kuic y ki jiek wec mi ci wic ran te k juey. Ny ti uan k Kmonitini lar kn mi ca raan woc kuic cie mani la ja a moc k ciaa m jik, th nath ruac k k kuic ltni, k th nath ruac k k kuic dueli kn ciaa gali k ruaacni kamnikin dhrikin. The impact of torture and trauma was another factor that affected the physical and psychological health of some new arrivals.Ci jiek kn cr wec nath k kn tin yrk t puny nath kn wuth nath. The stigma associated with mental health was seen as a major barrier to seeking help, as was a lack of understanding about doctor confidentiality. One-on-one counselling was also not familiar to some cultures.Bil in t puny nath k cr nyoth j d luk gr k j k kuic k ci naath r li k ji duel wal ki Diktri k ny tin luk k naath la knthalri ki ny tin la ny ti ci wicdin jik k cr gr kn luk b, caa ci dri c k k ti guc k cikn, k te k k ci ti gl.African Australians said that family inclusive services and programs were the most effective in responding to mental health issues. Several participants suggested that information about torture and trauma services should be disseminated more widely, as there was a general misunderstanding about their role and the services.Ji Apirikani Athrlia ci kn lar luk in luk k naath k kuic cri ti jiek m gaa. Ny ti uan ti ci w thn laar kn t k ti ci kn k li k dup ti lt k j kn luk in luk k naath. HousingDuel ci[K (Housing)Nuer-File8.mp3New migrant and refugee communities are among the most disadvantaged groups when it comes to finding accommodation to meet their basic needs. They face further challenges trying to secure affordable housing, especially in the private rental market, given Australias current chronic shortage of properties.Jl kn Rmjiith Kmonitini k kn ny tin cuc k kuic guth in d k cie thn kn tin d kn k jek b. Kn cuc k k gr duli ki guth in laa duel la grk thn, nm lr ji Athrlia k kuic dueli tin te naath thn.African Australians said that the six-month intensive support provided to newly-arrived refugees was too short and that the period of housing assistance should be extended to 12 months. This would better support families and individuals as they attempt to deal with a number of issues following their settlement:Apirikani Athrlia ci kn lark kr pthni d nkl tin pay ben wic la kn luk la gr k pth d bkl ti luk k naath t kuiy cdin k wec , k d k rep laa pth wl wid rw ki run kl. Nm jn d kul gaa k d ji gaali r kul yiath piny k de k tin k kul rialik k kuic galikin.Its just a complete shock when you are out on your own trying to find somewhere for you and your family to rent. We are just not ready to do this after just six months, when we are also trying to learn the language, put our children into schools, trying to find work ... Community consultation, Western AustraliaNm yiic wic nath k d raan k lt k ra k pth bkl bi ji gali kul gr duel kum, k gri bi w duel gr k bi thok w gr, k nai gaatku duel gr, k bi r w gr lt b. Kmoniti k kny c Athrlia. (Western Australia)Racial discrimination both direct and indirect was the most common barrier that African Australians said they faced when trying to find affordable and appropriate housing. Lok naath ki dk nath mi nyuth k naath joc ki lt jk k piny ca lar Apirikani Athrlia kl mi jieek kn bc k gr dueli.Community members gave numerous examples of discriminatory practices of real estate agents and landlords, such as failing to supply details of vacant properties or being denied housing due to their family size.Ji Kmonitini ci kn ak nyoth ti lotni ca k moc duel k j ny tin lt guth duli ki ji duli la kn naath a lok c te duel thn k kuic k m uan ji gaalu ki tii k gaat ti uan.They also said that there were very few houses available either through public housing or in the private market to accommodate large families, while unaffordable rent increases meant that some families were often forced to move every year:Ki th guthni la kn a laar n thil duel ti r k ny diaal k ny tin uan gaatkin k punykin kn duel la yiwkin r rp k run, nm la ny ti uan jaa bik th duli k bik ci m d w gr ki jur.This is having a disastrous effect on the families sense of stability and on peace of mind. The impact on the children and their schooling is also significant. Community consultationNm jak ny ti uan k bik thil guth m bik ci thn k mal k jn b jiek k gaat k kuic duel grdin . Dueli Kmonitnini In addition, many community members said that being on a long and uncertain waiting list for public housing contributed to feelings of stress and anxiety.Min d ca lar ji Kmonitni n liepdu k duel k guth m br ku punydu jak k cuc ki b ji moc cr m diit l k ci lc ganku tth k thil guth m gaa m ci yin thn. Ny tin kn tin luk k naath ci kn lar n mat k ti diaalService providers and stakeholders noted that the combination of all these factors meant that newly-arrived refugees were at particular risk of homelessness. tin k ny ti pay ben wic tkdin bc j k d k w ni guth m thil tiec ki duel thin k c k moc cr m jieek l.Several community members also raised the specific issue of African Australian women fleeing domestic violence, and the need for accessible and culturally appropriate crisis accommodation services. Ny ti uan k Kmonitini Apirikani Athrlia ci k ruac n nhial k kuic mn k t k rik cini k nm gr ny ti c t cidin ni guth bk thn k d k luk di.Providing tenancy education programs for African Australian communities was identified as an area of urgent need. These programs should provide practical information to improve their prospects for finding suitable housing, as well as provide information about their legal rights.Apirikani Athrlia gr d k ic k dup tin d kn duel jek k k k d k ic k dup in d k cundin c k j k ut Athrlia.Service providers and stakeholders drew attention to initiatives that sought to develop cooperative relationships with real estate agents and which had helped reduce instances of discrimination and misunderstanding involving African Australian families.Ny tin luk k naath dekn maar lt k ji duli k d luk kul jek k kuey cie jek b, kn thil lie k kuey gali ti uan jak jek k Apirikani Athrlia.Some housing support agencies had established arrangements to act as guarantor for individuals applying for rental properties, overcoming the need for refugees or humanitarian entrants to provide a rental history. Th nath ti luk naath k kuic duli ci kn r yith piny k kuic nni tin gr duel k bi kn Rmjiith luk k gr duli k bi kn k luk k dup in d kn duel jek k j. However, there was broad agreement that, in general, real estate agents lacked understanding about emerging African Australian communities. As a result, there was a need for targeted education initiatives for this group on anti-discrimination laws and also on the background and settlement experiences of these communities.Min d kuic k ny tin laa ji duli ci kn r li k Apirikani Athrlia. Min la lut k ba k ic k ca naath bi dk k ba lr k n ny ti baa nyur wic m k ba k nyuth dup in b k k wic k Athrlia kn tdian ry Kmonitinidin.Engaging with the justice systemDe nath lt [bum k[ kui la1t cuKniNuer-File9.mp3Engaging with the legal system and relationships with law enforcement agencies emerged as areas of significant concern for African Australians. Mat nath ry ry uSt ni ben k nath ry uSt ni guth kl mi bc ni jn k Apirikani.Of particular concern was the relationship between young African Australians and the police, with many young people saying they felt they were being over policed.guth kl in bc l rik k kuic dhli Apirikani Athrlia kn bolithni, dhli ti uan laar kn guc k k Boltharkni ki bolithni.I dont think there is a day where I havent been asked to move on, or police have come over to us and asked us why we are hanging around. We do go around in big groups, but that is normal for us. Youth focus group, NSWThil c kl m ci mer w kn jik woc rdu guth m ki wr k w nhiam ki thil c m kn ny mer jik u ll yin m n wn. Kn laa ny jl uan nm thil rik k ny n jl ny uan k tda laa naath jl uan. Dul utni k NSW:Community members in all states and territories raised concerns about a perceived stereotyping of African Australians by police and law enforcement officials, which they felt had contributed to deteriorating relationships.Kmonitini tin uan k w tin t naath thn kn guth tin k ci kn ben nhial k kuic Bolithni kn lt kum tin k tin guc k naath laar kn Boltharktni ki Bolithni c kn dhli kiutni Apirikani Athrlia jiek. T k ti uan ti gr k d mat ry lt k kuic ci lt.A number of initiatives were taking place to build trust and improve community interaction with police, especially with young African Australians. There was broad agreement that ongoing work in this area was crucial. T[ k[ ti Kuan ti ca la1t k[ c ba ciaK Kth rialik k[ mat kam bolithni (Police) k[n[ gaat Aprikani Atharaliani. Titi k[ ti Kuan ti ca mat [n c ba k[ la1t agTa [lTK k[ kui nath Other areas of concern included:Guth tin gr k d naath lt thn kn tn:a lack of understanding of Australias laws and legal system, including the courts, which could be compounded by language barriersThil lien k ut tin te k Athrlia ki luk tin luk k ji dueeri kn thok in ruac k naath t dk.underreporting as victims of crime, often due to a lack of confidence in the systemKp ram m ci duer laat ki lri ram m ci duer laat.difficulties accessing affordable legal assistance, leading to situations where people self-represent. Thil ram m d j w luek guth luk m ci duer lt nm laa waa tok ni b j ku w lt k ra k thil ram m bi ji luk guth in ca ji na thn guth luk.A key priority identified during the consultations was the importance of building legal literacy among African Australian communities. Min nhiam in gr lt m j de dur lt m de ny tin ci gr k Apirikani Athrlia d k c k Kmonitni kin.In particular, community members said that increasing their understanding of child protection laws and issues was a pressing concern. Many expressed frustration, dismay and despair at the impact that child protection interventions were having on their families. Ji Kmonitni ti uan gr kn d k ieec k dd kn c n ut in d gaat ga. K ny ti uan jiek lockin k kuic kum k k kuic gankin.African Australians gave examples of what they felt were ill-informed assessments by child protection workers and wanted to know more about how decisions were made and what scope existed to challenge those decisions.Ny ti uan jiek lockin k kuic gan kin k lt in lt k k kum Athrlia ry dhorikin. Apirikani Athrlia cik dur nyoth min mc k in ca nyuth k lt tin lt k bi k gaat guic gr kn d kn ti uac c min laa rik m diit, k u de nm woc . I dont need parenting classes. I need to understand the law and also how some of my culture may be misunderstood. Community focus group, Northern Territoryn cien guic iic ci mani gan dr rik thuk ki dr rik woc. n gr ba kn c ni ut kn ciaa rl Athrlia kliwd k jn bi ciaa gankn gw t. Mat Kmonitni k, Nthn tori tori ( ki nhiam Athrlia):The need for child protection agencies to develop culturally sensitive approaches to assessment and intervention was also strongly emphasised by a majority of community participants.K kuic gan k gdin k ny tin lt k kuicdin gr kn d kn ciaa nni tin b rli kkin mat thn nm guic ny ti uan ry KmonitiniA number of African Australian communities also expressed deep concern about family violence, which many viewed as a growing problem. ny ti uan k Apirikani Athrlia Kmonitini ci kn rikdin lat k lark j rik ji gali w k w nhiam k kuic kri mn kn cwkin cinikin.Some said that they felt uncertain about reporting family violence because of a fear of police and law enforcement agencies, as well as a fear that children or women may be removed from the family home.Th nath laar kn m ci naath gaak c laa kn a dual k ba kum cl k kuic k m ci Boltharkt ki Bolith ben c kn lt kum k tin kkin d d gaat ben woc c kn mn. The majority of respondents expressed the view that African-specific organisations should be equipped to play a more significant role in responding to family violence: Ny ti uanikn ci ruacdin k guec in guic kn j guth kum tin te Apirikani k lt k thn d k r k kuic k de kn rik ki kri tin te cieeni Apirikani w guic k de k dup in d lat k j c.Issues around family violence are issues that the community is trying to openly address, but wanting to do it in a way that is culturally appropriate. Community focus group, TasmaniaRik ki kri tin tuk k ji gali rik m gr ji Kmonitini j n d lat, k dup in gr kn kuic k der thieek k t rlikin guth bk thn. jn de gaa k kuicdin. Mat Kmonitini K Tthmnia:Community education was viewed as being more effective than legal options, while collaboration between mainstream providers and community representatives was necessary to develop effective and culturally appropriate responses.K kuic iic nath ry Kmonitini ga ni jn l k de kum ki Boltharktni ben ry nath k ci lt nath kl k ny tin ic k naath kn ny tin caa kuany k Kmonitini der mat m gaa n k dr dup kl m bi ci ti gl rialik k ny ti b rli ti gl. Emerging issuesDup in d naath matNuer-File10.mp3During the community consultations and through the public submissions, African Australians drew attention to a number of other issues that they believed were crucial in supporting the settlement and integration of newly-arrived communities, strengthening families and promoting social inclusion.Guth ruac naath thn Apirikani Athrlia t k ruaacni ti ci kn k n nhial ti th kn k de k naath luk k nyuur nath wic k Athrlia, ti d ny tin jl ti pay ben wic mat ry wec k Athrlia ki ry Kmonitini, k d kn rik cinikin luk amni d kn naath na nhiam ry ci.Community members said it was vital to:Ji Kmonitini ci kn lar tii guc k k kuic tk k kn tin guur r t:respect and preserve African cultures, heritage and values, including maintaining first languages and promoting involvement in creative artsLoc ji Apirika k ciaa rlin, kn t in ci min ci kn r ki rm in ram k k, amni min nhk kn , cie k d k thdin in nhiam dap k k c k de kn ciaa rikin na nhiam ci bulkin ki ciaa rikin.ensure that individuals and communities did not experience discrimination or harassment because of their religion and expressions of their faith K d raan luth ki ji Kmonitini tin k b, ca k d nyuth ciaa m jieek k kuic k th kn Kuth ti gl.address intergenerational tensions within African Australian families and communities, often brought about by changing family dynamics during the settlement processCiaa matd k ji gali Apirika Atharlia kn Kmonitni c ti uan moc k dk k ciaa nyuur min te k naath wic.support young African Australians as they seek to reconcile their traditional cultures with the values and expectations held by other young AustraliansLuk dhli tin la Apirikani Atharlia gr kn d k ciaa rl bk thn tit k d k ciaa in laa lt k nyinkin c k gr kn d kn rm k kuic dhli k Atharlia.support women and men to build positive gender relations to deal with changing household roles and expectations of life in AustraliaD mn kn wutni luk k d kn ciaa mal lt kam mn kn wutni k de kn ciaa in cir gr ry cini amni de k w ry ci mal ry Atharlia.make public transport more affordable and accessible, especially for the growing number of African Australian families settling in regional and rural centres.Jn gr thubili tin jl naath k k d k jaa r k, k d yiwkin jaa pr k kuic nni tin laa Apirikani Atharlia tin pay ben wic guth ti ca k nyur thn ry rk amni ry cini tit hik k ry rk.Many community members expressed particular concern about the way mainstream media perpetuated negative stereotypes and perceptions of African Australians:Ny ti uan k Kmonitini cik rikdin lat k ruac in ruac naath k kuidin k lat k ruaacni ti jiek k kuidin amni ruac m ti jiek k kuic Apirikani Atharliani. All I hear now in the newspapers is that we are criminals and that we are gangs and we should go home. Politicians should be very careful about what they say because they are very powerful. Community focus groupMin laa ny a li ki kuni ry wargakni tin grk, waa k kn ny ti kiriminali ki ny ti lt k ti jiek wic, k waa k kn g min lot ni nk nath ry wec m cali Atharlia, amni lark j ny ti d k luc jk dhrin k Apirika, ny tin laa pulticini ki ruc wec tin te k kum, k nm b ji ruac gr kn d kn ruacdin tit k kn ny tin te k bum. Ruac Kmonitini:This was seen by many as a major hurdle to acceptance and inclusion in the broader Australian community, as well as a trigger for incidents of physical and verbal abuse of African Australians. 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la5yt3}}~B~D~F~~>@BABCDqҰқoWoWWGoWoh3h35OJQJ\^J.h#h35CJOJQJ\^JaJmH sH .h#h35CJOJQJ\^JaJmH sH &h!%h35OJQJ\^JmH sH )h#h3B*CJOJQJ^JaJph h!%h3OJQJ^JmH sH  h#h3CJOJQJ^JaJ(h#h3CJOJQJ^JaJmH sH 0h#h3CJOJPJQJ^J_H aJmH sH F~H~~>@pcQD h$If^hgdNg$ & F$Ifa$gdl & F$Ifgd-Okdw$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3@BpggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukdzx$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3BCpggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukd*y$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3CDpg^Q h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdl $Ifgdukdy$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3ȄqrpgggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukdz$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3qrs(*,(*,[ëqoq[qëqJ5)h#h3B*CJOJQJ^JaJph h!%h3OJQJ^JmH sH &h!%h35OJQJ\^JmH sH U h#h3CJOJQJ^JaJ.h#h35CJOJQJ\^JaJmH sH h3h3OJQJ^JmH sH .h#h35CJOJQJ\^JaJmH sH .h#h35CJOJQJ\^JaJmH sH (h#h3CJOJQJ^JaJmH sH h3h35OJQJ\^Jrs(*pggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukd:{$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3*,_pggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukd{$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3The Commission plays an important role on this front and a collaborative approach is required.Dup ci tuk k ny diaal t ca nyur wic laa jl Atharliani, kn ni k Apirikani kmonitini cik te k c k ciaa lk nath wic kn ciaa m dk naath wic. Gr ny bk t ci tuk ni wal c k kuic dk k nath kn lok nath. Ny tin laa lt cik lt m gaa ni jn nyoth nhiam nath k nkn naath guth kl.Future work of the CommissionLt kTmicin tin te nhiamThe Commission has two priority focus areas which will form the basis of its future activities:Min bi lt lt w nhiam, lt bik rw lt ti bi naath nyuSth tin baa lt k w nhiam.violence, harassment and bullying in the communityKri, kuthni nath, amni ciaa nyuni ki gak gaakni kam ni nath ry kmonitini.know your rights: promoting community understanding of human rights and responsibilitiesBi raan cud c, na kmonitini nhiam k lt m gaa kn li k ciaa cunikin amni ltkin.Project reviewNyak lt:It is hoped that within 12 months after the release of In our own words, the Commission will report back to the Australian Government. Input from African Australians will be sought.K kr pthni d wl rw m ca ruac m km raar k ruac in can lat, bi lt ruac m n kum Atharliani. Cr tin ca mat ji Apirikani Atharliani bi k kum jaa cr thn a gaFind out moreGr ti uan:This guide to In our own words is only a summary. It has been translated into several community languages and plain English. Ruac m k rit kn wa luc ni k. Ca k rit ki ca k loc k thuk ti gl ry kmonitini amni thok nni ti br.The Commissions website includes a wide range of information about the project, the national consultations and public submissions, as well as many examples of good practice approaches to supporting and assisting African Australian communities. A literature review and three background papers are also available.M gri guecdin k guth in la du ltni deri ruaacni ti uac kkin k jn kui ruac m jk thn, ciaa li nyuur nni diaal guth kl kn ruaacni diaal tin ca lath piny guth kl amni ruaacni ti gw kkin ti deri lat k de naath n kl gri deri luk, k deri Apirikani Atharliani kmonitini luk. Kun min caa gr ry wargakni d dik tii k bi jiek k rkrk kum kVisit  HYPERLINK "www.humanrights.gov.au/africanaus/" www.humanrights.gov.au/africanaus/mm.  HYPERLINK "www.humanrights.gov.au/africanaus/" www.humanrights.gov.au/africanaus/   A Galla, The First Voice in Heritage Conservation, (2008) 3 International Journal of Intangible Heritage p 1.     鱨վ Summary guide to (*pg^Q h$If^hgdNg $Ifgd~3 $Ifgdukd|$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3*,pg^Nhdh$If^hgdNg $Ifgd>We $IfgdukdJ}$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3[\p`N>hdh$If^hgdNg$ & F$Ifa$gd~3 & F dh$Ifgd-Okd}$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3[\],789pրnaP;PaP-Ph!%h35OJQJ^J)h#h35CJOJQJ\]^JaJ h#h3CJOJQJ^JaJh!%h3OJQJ^J#h#h35CJOJQJ^JaJ.h#h35CJOJQJ\^JaJmH sH &h!%h35OJQJ\^JmH sH )h#h3B*CJOJQJ^JaJph(h#h3CJOJQJ^JaJmH sH 0h#h3CJOJPJQJ^J_H aJmH sH  h!%h3OJQJ^JmH sH \]p`NA h$If^hgdNg$ & F$Ifa$gd~3 & F dh$Ifgd-Okd~$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3,78pg^Q h$If^hgdNg $Ifgd>We $IfgdukdZ$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt389pggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukd $$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3pggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukd$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3pggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgd>Wekdj$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3I`xν񰽓n[%h#h30J$B*OJQJ^Jph'j*h#h3OJQJU^J!jh#h3OJQJU^Jh!%h3OJQJ^Jh#h356OJQJ^Jh#h3OJQJ^J h#h3CJOJQJ^JaJ h!%h3OJQJ^JmH sH #h#h35CJOJQJ^JaJh#h35OJQJ^JIpggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukd$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3pggZ h$If^hgdNg $Ifgdukdʂ$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3@ABCpg^^g^ $Ifgd~3 $Ifgdukdz$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3>?DEFGHQڶ{php\pUQIQIQIQIQjhNgUhNg hHh3hHh36CJaJh3CJaJhHh3CJaJhHh3CJaJmH sH h3jh30JU h#hYCJOJQJ^JaJjh hNg<U h#h3CJOJQJ^JaJ%h#h30J$B*OJQJ^Jph!jh#h3OJQJU^J'jAh#h3OJQJU^JCDFpkfa_U_U_ dgd6 gd3gd3gdukdX$$IflF,D%|)c8 t0+    44 la5yt3 higdu$a$gd6 $ha$gdi $a$gdi dgd6 hijѼwsb h#hYCJOJQJ^JaJhNghFvCJOJQJmHnHuhF@Zh|CJOJQJ!jhF@Zh|CJOJQJUh|&hih|6CJOJQJ]^JaJ)hih|56CJOJQJ]^JaJU"hih|6CJOJQJ]aJh|CJOJQJaJhih|CJOJQJaJIn our own words, African Australians: A review of human rights and social inclusion issues June 2010  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 21h:pAzw/ =!"#$% $$If5!vh5c558#vc#v#v8:V l t0+5c558a5yt3$$If5!vh5c558#vc#v#v8:V l t0+5c558a5yt3$$If5!vh5c558#vc#v#v8:V l 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